• Mechanisation of goods and services
• Preceded by the Agrrarian Revolution
• The Agrrarian Revolution resulted in surplus of food.
• Mechanisation in the Textile industry with Inventions such as:
  • Spinning Jenny
  • Cotton Jin
  • Flying Shuttle
• Textile shifted from cottage industry to an industry of mass production
• Invention of Steam engine revolutionalised transport and mining
• Factory system came into place:
  • Men, Women, and Children employed.
  • Women payed less than men
  • Children pain less than women
• Harsh working conditions and long working hours
• Introduction of the factory act:
  • Improvement in working conditions
  • Children below 9 were not employed
  • Better pay
  • A minimum break of 1 hour was compulsory.
• Surplus of goods resulted in the search for new markets
• Led to growth of imperialism
• Creation of a capitalist economy
• Growth of Colonialism
• Scramble for Africa
• Migration from villages to towns
• Growth of urban towns

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• Adam smith’s book — primary resources